XIAN HOUND

陕西细犬

ORIGIN: Shanxi Province, China

原产地：中国陕西省

PATRONAGE: China

犬种认定国：中国

DATE OF PUBLICATION OF THE OFFICIAL VALID STANDARD: November 2017

官方标准生效日期：2017年11月

UTILIZATION: Sighthound that hunts for game (hare) and protects against predators.

用途：视觉猎犬用于捕猎活动（野兔）和防止掠食者。

FCI-CLASSIFICATION: Group 10 Sighthounds

FCI分组：第10组 视觉猎犬组

BRIEF HISTORICAL SUMMARY: Paintings and drawings of Xian Hound-type dogs have been depicted on the walls of an ancient Qin Dynasty prince's tomb dating 2500 years ago.  Emperors used this royal hunting sighthound to hunt game. Their history is thought to precede the records of the ancient silk routes. Xian, the thirteenth dynasty capital, was the Eastern most city on this silk route and an important trading center. General conjecture has pointed to these hounds being the precursor of all sighthound breeds today.

历史概述：古老秦朝皇子墓碑上，用油彩和绘画描绘着陕西细犬的身影，距今已有2500年的历史。皇帝用这种视觉猎犬进行皇家狩猎活动。它们的历史被认为更早于古代丝绸之路的记载。西安，是十三个朝代的都城，是这条丝绸之路上最东部的城市和重要的贸易中心。种种迹象表明这些猎犬也许就是当今所有视觉猎犬的前身。

GENERAL APPEARANCE: The whole appearance of this breed should give an impression of grace, symmetry and of great speed and endurance coupled with strength and activity. Noticeably svelte and elegant, the Xian Hound gives a general impression of great slenderness. It’s salient bone structure and musculature appear through thin skin free from folds and wrinkles. Its spinal column is so constructed to permit the hound to contort to accomplish leaps and bounds of great ease and efficiency.

整体外形：这个犬种的外观应该给人一种优雅、匀称、集聚速度、耐力与力量、活力于一身的印象。苗条和优雅的显著特点令陕西细犬给人留下细长型狗的总体印象。透过薄且没有褶皱与皱纹的皮肤可以清晰地观察到它明显的骨骼结构和肌肉组织。这样的脊柱构造使它们在狩猎过程中轻松自如的急转与飞跃。

BEHAVIOR/TEMPERAMENT: Aloof and devoted to their master. This breed is self-reliant and independent. They are suspicious of strangers.

行为/秉性：冷静且忠于他们的主人。这个犬种拥有独立的个性。他们对陌生人保持警觉。

HEAD: Long and narrow, the whole showing a noble expression. Head piece being in balanced with the size of the dog.

头部：长且窄，整体展现出高贵的表情。头部大小与身体比例保持平衡。

CRANIAL REGION:

颅部：

Skull: Moderately wide between ears, not domed.

头骨：耳间宽度适中，不是拱起的形状。

Stop: There exists two head types. The first has a stop which is not pronounced which is preferred in this sighthound. The second, however, has a convex foreface where the toplines of the skull and muzzle incline in diverging directions. The convex foreface head type is acceptable. Either head piece being in balance with the size of the dog.

额段：存在两种头部类型。第一种有额段但不明显，是视觉猎犬中的首选。第二种，前脸向上凸出，使头盖骨与口吻部在非同一直线的倾斜面偏离延展。前脸向上凸出的头部是可以被接受的。无论哪种类型的头部，大小都要与身体比例保持平衡。

FACIAL REGION:

面部：

Nose: Preferably black, liver permissible in light coloured dogs.

鼻：黑色为佳，浅色犬的鼻子可以是深赤褐色。

Muzzle: Long, straight, tapered without exaggeration towards the end. Well developed, strong underjaw.

口吻：长、直、尖端并不夸张的锥形。发育良好、强有力的下颚。

Lips: Thin lips tightly fitting, no flews.

唇：薄唇紧密贴合，没有下垂。

Eyes: Alert expression, dark to hazel and bright, large but not prominent, oval to almond, set obliquely. The eyes rims are pigmented. Fault: Unpigmented eye rims.

眼睛：警觉的眼神，深色至淡褐色且明亮，大却不突出，椭圆形至杏仁状，倾斜。眼周边缘是有色素的。错误：没有色素的眼周边缘。

Bite: Preferred scissors bite, level bite tolerated. Undershot/overshot bite to the slightest degree disqualifies.

咬合：剪状咬合为佳，允许水平咬合。轻微程度的下颚突出/上颚突出的咬合为失格。

Ears: Ear set high, mobile, long and covered with long silky hair, hanging close the skull.

耳朵：耳位高，灵活，长且覆盖着长而柔滑的饰毛，紧贴头骨。

NECK: Long smooth and well muscled, well set into moderately angulated shoulders. The skin is fine and does not form a dewlap.

颈部：长且线条流畅、肌肉发达，很好的衔接角度适中的肩膀。皮肤干燥没有赘肉。

BODY: Slightly longer than tall measured from the prosternum to the point of buttocks but may give the appearance of being square. The topline is strong, slightly arched over the loin, extremely flexible allowing the sighthound to bend and flex to enable it to jump and leap.

躯干：从前胸点到坐骨端测量的身长略长于肩高，但是给人以正方形的印象。背线结实，略微拱起的腰部，令视觉猎犬轻松应对飞跃与急转等动作。

LOIN: Slightly arched and well muscled.

腰部：略微拱起且肌肉发达。

CROUP: Hipbones prominent and wide apart. Obliquely set ideally at a 45 degree angle. Major Fault: Hipbones not prominent or covered by excessive weight.

臀部：髋骨突出且宽。理想斜置角度为45度角。主要缺陷：髋骨不突出或者过分沉重。

CHEST: Deep, long and moderately narrow denoting great lung capacity. Proportionally, the depth of chest is 4-10 to the height at the withers to the ground, this being a characteristic of the breed. It is common for ribs to show due to the hound’s high metabolism and bone structure. Fault: Overweight. Major Fault: Chest reaching the elbow.

胸部：深、长且适度的狭长空间供给足够的肺活量。比例，胸深是肩甲到地面的4-10，这成为犬种独有的特点。这样的肋骨通常取决于猎犬的高代谢与骨骼结构。主要缺陷：胸深到达肘部。

UNDERLINE: Well tucked up.

下腹线：上收明显。

TAIL: Long set on low and carried naturally in curve or ring at the end, well feathered on the underside with long silky hair, not bushy. Not too short and raised when in action.

尾巴：长且尾根低，自然状态呈曲状或环状，末端长有饰毛，毛发长且柔滑，不浓密。运动时不会高举或显得短。

LIMBS:

四肢：

Forequarter:

前驱：

~ General appearance: Forelegs vertical and parallel and toes inclining neither in nor out.

总体表现：前腿平行且垂直，脚趾向前。

~ Shoulder: Well laid back, well muscled without being coarse.

肩部：后倾角度良好，肌肉发达但不粗糙。

~ Upper arm: Approximately equal in length to the shoulder blade, forming moderate angulation.

上肢：约等长于肩胛骨，形成适当角度。

~ Forearm: Bony and muscular.

前肢：骨感但肌肉发达。

~ Pastern: Strong and supple, slightly sloping.

系部：强壮且具韧性，略微倾斜。

~ Front feet: Feet of moderate length, toes long and well arched, not splayed, but at the same time not cat-footed, the whole being strong and supple.

前脚：中等长度的脚，脚趾长且拱起，没有张开，但同时也不是猫足，整体强壮坚韧。

Hindquarters:

后驱：

~ General appearance: Viewed from behind, hindlegs are vertical and parallel. Strong, showing galloping and jumping power which is a characteristic of the breed.

总体表现：从后面观察，后腿垂直且平行。强壮，表现出极具飞驰和跳跃力的犬种特性。

~ Upper and lower thighs: Well developed.

大腿和小腿：发达。

~ Stifle: Moderately bent.

后膝关节：适度弯曲。

~ Hocks: Strong, well let down.

飞节：强壮，角度良好。

~ Hind feet: Similar to front feet.

后脚：与前脚相似。

GAIT/ MOVEMENT:

步态/动态：

Smooth, flowing and effortless at trot. Light and lifting showing both reach and drive without hackney action or pounding.

平滑、流畅且毫不费力的小跑。轻松舒展。

COAT:

被毛：

Hair: Smooth and soft, silky texture feathering on legs and at the back of thigh, puppies may have slight woolly feather on thighs and shoulders.

毛质：顺滑且柔软，丝绸般顺垂于前腿和后腿，幼犬的后腿和肩膀可以有少量的绒毛。

COLOUR AND MARKINGS:

毛色和斑纹：

Solid colours acceptable - black, blue, grey silver, cream, white, red, and fawn. Brindle patterning is acceptable. Blue, grey and silver with white toes tolerated. Black coloured dogs with white toes are disqualified. On the forechest, a small white patch no more than 3 centimeters in any direction is acceptable. White tip at the end of the tail is a disqualification.

纯色可以接受-黑色、蓝色、银灰色、奶油色、白色、红色和淡黄色。斑纹图案可以接受。蓝色、灰色和银色的犬脚趾为白色是容许的。黑色的犬脚趾为白色是失格的。在前胸的位置，不超过3厘米的白色斑点是可以接受的。尾尖为白色是失格的。

SIZE : 

尺寸：

Dogs - height at the withers 73 cm. is average with plus or minus five centimeters consistent to type. Over or under this range is a fault.

公犬- 肩高73cm。肩高平均值为此肩高上下5厘米。超过或低于这个范围都是错误的。

Bitches - height at the withers 70 cm. is average with plus or minus five centimeters consistent to type. Over or under this range is a fault.

母犬- 肩高70厘米。肩高平均值为此肩高上下5厘米。超过或低于这个范围都是错误的。

DISQUALIFYING FAULTS:

失格：

~ Aggressive or overly shy.

有攻击性或过分胆怯。

~ Any dog clearly showing physical or behavioural abnormalities will be disqualified.

任何明显表现出身体或行为失常的犬都是失格。

~ Undershot or overshot mouth.

下颚突出或上颚突出的咬合。

~ Colour and markings not in accordance with the standard.

不符合标准的毛色和斑纹。

N.B.:

注：

~ Male animals should have two apparently normal testicles full descended into the scrotum.

公犬必须具备两个明显正常的睾丸、且完全置于阴囊中。

~ Only functionally and clinically healthy.

功能性与健康是必要条件。